Abramowitz, G., Herger, N., Gutmann, E., Hammerling, D., Knutti, R., Leduc, M., Lorenz, R., Pincus, R., Schmidt, G.A., 2019. ESD Reviews: Model dependence in multi-model climate ensembles: weighting, sub-selection and out-of-sample testing. Earth System Dynamics 10, 91–105. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-91-2019

Hobeichi, S., Abramowitz, G., Evans, J., Beck, H.E., 2019. Linear Optimal Runoff Aggregate (LORA): a global gridded synthesis runoff product. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, 851–870. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-851-2019

Abramowitz, G., Herger, N., Gutmann, E., Hammerling, D., Knutti, R., Leduc, M., Lorenz, R., Pincus, R., Schmidt, G.A., 2019. ESD Reviews: Model dependence in multi-model climate ensembles: weighting, sub-selection and out-of-sample testing. Earth System Dynamics 10, 91–105. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-91-2019

Alexander, L.V., Fowler, H.J., Bador, M., Behrangi, A., Donat, M.G., Dunn, R., Funk, C., Goldie, J., Lewis, E., Rogé, M., Seneviratne, S.I., Venugopal, V., 2019. On the use of indices to study extreme precipitation on sub-daily and daily timescales. Environmental Research Letters 14, 125008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab51b6

Beggs, P.J., Zhang, Y., Bambrick, H., Berry, H.L., Linnenluecke, M.K., Trueck, S., Bi, P., Boylan, S.M., Green, D., Guo, Y., Hanigan, I.C., Johnston, F.H., Madden, D.L., Malik, A., Morgan, G.G., Perkins‐Kirkpatrick, S., Rychetnik, L., Stevenson, M., Watts, N., Capon, A.G., 2019. The 2019 report of the MJA – Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: a turbulent year with mixed progress. Medical Journal of Australia 211, 490. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50405

Bellprat, O., Guemas, V., Doblas-Reyes, F., Donat, M.G., 2019. Towards reliable extreme weather and climate event attribution. Nature Communications 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09729-2
Bengtson, S.A., Meissner, K.J., Menviel, L., Sisson, S.A., Wilkin, J., 2019. Evaluating the Extent of North Atlantic Deep Water and the Mean Atlantic δ 13 C From Statistical Reconstructions. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 34, 1022–1036. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003589

Bian, F., Coleborn, K., Flemons, I., Baker, Andy, Treble, P.C., Hughes, C.E., Baker, Andrew, Andersen, M.S., Tozer, M.G., Duan, W., Fogwill, C.J., Fairchild, I.J., 2019. Hydrological and geochemical responses of fire in a shallow cave system. Science of The Total Environment 662, 180–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.102

Blunden, J., Arndt, D.S., 2019. State of the Climate in 2018. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, Si-S306. https://doi.org/10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1
Bordbar, M.H., England, M.H., Sen Gupta, A., Santoso, A., Taschetto, A.S., Martin, T., Park, W., Latif, M., 2019. Uncertainty in near-term global surface warming linked to tropical Pacific climate variability. Nature Communications 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09761-2

Burrell, A.L., Evans, J.P., Liu, Y., 2019. The Addition of Temperature to the TSS-RESTREND Methodology Significantly Improves the Detection of Dryland Degradation. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 12, 2342–2348. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2019.2906466

Capron, E., Rovere, A., Austermann, J., Axford, Y., Barlow, N.L.M., Carlson, A.E., de Vernal, A., Dutton, A., Kopp, R.E., McManus, J.F., Menviel, L., Otto-Bliesner, B.L., Robinson, A., Shakun, J.D., Tzedakis, P.C., Wolff, E.W., 2019. Challenges and research priorities to understand interactions between climate, ice sheets and global mean sea level during past interglacials. Quaternary Science Reviews 219, 308–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.030

Chen, H., Li, L., Luo, X., Li, Y., Liu, D.L., Zhao, Y., Feng, H., Deng, J., 2019. Modeling impacts of mulching and climate change on crop production and N2O emission in the Loess Plateau of China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 268, 86–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.01.002

Choudhury, D., Mehrotra, R., Sharma, A., Sen Gupta, A., Sivakumar, B., 2019. Effectiveness of CMIP5 Decadal Experiments for Interannual Rainfall Prediction Over Australia. Water Resources Research 55, 7400–7418. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR024462

Colin, M., Sherwood, S., Geoffroy, O., Bony, S., Fuchs, D., 2019. Identifying the Sources of Convective Memory in Cloud-Resolving Simulations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, 947–962. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-18-0036.1

Cooper, N., Green, D., Knibbs, L.D., 2019. Inequalities in exposure to the air pollutants PM 2.5 and NO 2 in Australia. Environmental Research Letters 14, 115005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab486a
De Kauwe, M.G., Medlyn, B.E., Pitman, A.J., Drake, J.E., Ukkola, A., Griebel, A., Pendall, E., Prober, S., Roderick, M., 2019. Examining the evidence for decoupling between photosynthesis and transpiration during heat extremes. Biogeosciences 16, 903–916. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-903-2019

Di Virgilio, G., Evans, J.P., Blake, S.A.P., Armstrong, M., Dowdy, A.J., Sharples, J., McRae, R., 2019a. Climate Change Increases the Potential for Extreme Wildfires. Geophysical Research Letters 46, 8517–8526. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083699

Di Virgilio, G., Evans, J.P., Di Luca, A., Olson, R., Argüeso, D., Kala, J., Andrys, J., Hoffmann, P., Katzfey, J.J., Rockel, B., 2019b. Evaluating reanalysis-driven CORDEX regional climate models over Australia: model performance and errors. Climate Dynamics 53, 2985–3005. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04672-w

Donat, M.G., Angélil, O., Ukkola, A.M., 2019. Intensification of precipitation extremes in the world’s humid and water-limited regions. Environmental Research Letters 14, 065003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab1c8e
Dowdy, A.J., Pepler, A., Di Luca, A., Cavicchia, L., Mills, G., Evans, J.P., Louis, S., McInnes, K.L., Walsh, K., 2019a. Review of Australian east coast low pressure systems and associated extremes. Climate Dynamics 53, 4887–4910. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04836-8

Dowdy, A.J., Ye, H., Pepler, A., Thatcher, M., Osbrough, S.L., Evans, J.P., Di Virgilio, G., McCarthy, N., 2019b. Future changes in extreme weather and pyroconvection risk factors for Australian wildfires. Scientific Reports 9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46362-x

Du, H., Alexander, L.V., Donat, M.G., Lippmann, T., Srivastava, A., Salinger, J., Kruger, A., Choi, G., He, H.S., Fujibe, F., Rusticucci, M., Nandintsetseg, B., Manzanas, R., Rehman, S., Abbas, F., Zhai, P., Yabi, I., Stambaugh, M.C., Wang, S., Batbold, A., Oliveira, P.T., Adrees, M., Hou, W., Zong, S., Santos e Silva, C.M., Lucio, P.S., Wu, Z., 2019. Precipitation From Persistent Extremes is Increasing in Most Regions and Globally. Geophysical Research Letters 46, 6041–6049. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL081898

Dutheil, C., Bador, M., Lengaigne, M., Lefèvre, J., Jourdain, N.C., Vialard, J., Jullien, S., Peltier, A., Menkes, C., 2019. Impact of surface temperature biases on climate change projections of the South Pacific Convergence Zone. Climate Dynamics 53, 3197–3219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04692-6

Escalle, L., Scutt Phillips, J., Brownjohn, M., Brouwer, S., Sen Gupta, A., Van Sebille, E., Hampton, J., Pilling, G., 2019. Environmental versus operational drivers of drifting FAD beaching in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. Scientific Reports 9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50364-0

Eyring, V., Cox, P.M., Flato, G.M., Gleckler, P.J., Abramowitz, G., Caldwell, P., Collins, W.D., Gier, B.K., Hall, A.D., Hoffman, F.M., Hurtt, G.C., Jahn, A., Jones, C.D., Klein, S.A., Krasting, J.P., Kwiatkowski, L., Lorenz, R., Maloney, E., Meehl, G.A., Pendergrass, A.G., Pincus, R., Ruane, A.C., Russell, J.L., Sanderson, B.M., Santer, B.D., Sherwood, S.C., Simpson, I.R., Stouffer, R.J., Williamson, M.S., 2019. Taking climate model evaluation to the next level. Nature Climate Change 9, 102–110. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0355-y

Fleischer, K., Rammig, A., De Kauwe, M.G., Walker, A.P., Domingues, T.F., Fuchslueger, L., Garcia, S., Goll, D.S., Grandis, A., Jiang, M., Haverd, V., Hofhansl, F., Holm, J.A., Kruijt, B., Leung, F., Medlyn, B.E., Mercado, L.M., Norby, R.J., Pak, B., von Randow, C., Quesada, C.A., Schaap, K.J., Valverde-Barrantes, O.J., Wang, Y.-P., Yang, X., Zaehle, S., Zhu, Q., Lapola, D.M., 2019. Amazon forest response to CO2 fertilization dependent on plant phosphorus acquisition. Nature Geoscience 12, 736–741. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0404-9

Foppert, A., Rintoul, S.R., England, M.H., 2019. Along‐Slope Variability of Cross‐Slope Eddy Transport in East Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters 46, 8224–8233. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082999
Fox-Kemper, B., Adcroft, A., Böning, C.W., Chassignet, E.P., Curchitser, E., Danabasoglu, G., Eden, C., England, M.H., Gerdes, R., Greatbatch, R.J., Griffies, S.M., Hallberg, R.W., Hanert, E., Heimbach, P., Hewitt, H.T., Hill, C.N., Komuro, Y., Legg, S., Le Sommer, J., Masina, S., Marsland, S.J., Penny, S.G., Qiao, F., Ringler, T.D., Treguier, A.M., Tsujino, H., Uotila, P., Yeager, S.G., 2019. Challenges and Prospects in Ocean Circulation Models. Frontiers in Marine Science 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00065

Funk, C., Harrison, L., Alexander, L., Peterson, P., Behrangi, A., Husak, G., 2019. Exploring trends in wet-season precipitation and drought indices in wet, humid and dry regions. Environmental Research Letters 14, 115002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab4a6c

Ge, J., Guo, W., Pitman, A.J., De Kauwe, M.G., Chen, X., Fu, C., 2019a. The Nonradiative Effect Dominates Local Surface Temperature Change Caused by Afforestation in China. Journal of Climate 32, 4445–4471. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0772.1

Ge, J., Pitman, A.J., Guo, W., Wang, S., Fu, C., 2019b. Do Uncertainties in the Reconstruction of Land Cover Affect the Simulation of Air Temperature and Rainfall in the CORDEX Region of East Asia? Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 124, 3647–3670. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD029945

Goldie, J., Alexander, L., Lewis, S.C., Sherwood, S.C., Bambrick, H., 2019. Correction to: Changes in relative fit of human heat stress indices to cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal hospitalizations across five Australian urban populations. International Journal of Biometeorology 63, 561–561. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-019-01697-y

Gottschalk, J., Battaglia, G., Fischer, H., Frölicher, T.L., Jaccard, S.L., Jeltsch-Thömmes, A., Joos, F., Köhler, P., Meissner, K.J., Menviel, L., Nehrbass-Ahles, C., Schmitt, J., Schmittner, A., Skinner, L.C., Stocker, T.F., 2019. Mechanisms of millennial-scale atmospheric CO2 change in numerical model simulations. Quaternary Science Reviews 220, 30–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.013

Goyal, R., England, M.H., Sen Gupta, A., Jucker, M., 2019. Reduction in surface climate change achieved by the 1987 Montreal Protocol. Environmental Research Letters 14, 124041. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab4874

Gregory, J.M., Griffies, S.M., Hughes, C.W., Lowe, J.A., Church, J.A., Fukimori, I., Gomez, N., Kopp, R.E., Landerer, F., Cozannet, G.L., Ponte, R.M., Stammer, D., Tamisiea, M.E., van de Wal, R.S.W., 2019a. Concepts and Terminology for Sea Level: Mean, Variability and Change, Both Local and Global. Surveys in Geophysics 40, 1251–1289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-019-09525-z

Gregory, J.M., Griffies, S.M., Hughes, C.W., Lowe, J.A., Church, J.A., Fukumori, I., Gomez, N., Kopp, R.E., Landerer, F., Cozannet, G.L., Ponte, R.M., Stammer, D., Tamisiea, M.E., van de Wal, R.S.W., 2019b. Correction to: Concepts and Terminology for Sea Level: Mean, Variability and Change, Both Local and Global. Surveys in Geophysics 40, 1291–1292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-019-09555-7

Groeskamp, S., de Lavergne, C., Holmes, R., Tamsitt, V., Frenger, I., Chapman, C.C., Newsom, E., Stanley, G.J., 2019. Climate Recorded in Seawater: A Workshop on Water-Mass Transformation Analysis for Ocean and Climate Studies. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, ES243–ES247. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0153.1

Grose, M.R., Syktus, J., Thatcher, M., Evans, J.P., Ji, F., Rafter, T., Remenyi, T., 2019. The role of topography on projected rainfall change in mid-latitude mountain regions. Climate Dynamics 53, 3675–3690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04736-x
Gross, M.H., Donat, M.G., Alexander, L.V., 2019. Changes in daily temperature extremes relative to the mean in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models and observations. International Journal of Climatology 39, 5273–5291. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6138

Harrington, L.J., Lewis, S., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S.E., King, A.D., Otto, F.E.L., 2019. Embracing the complexity of extreme weather events when quantifying their likelihood of recurrence in a warming world. Environmental Research Letters 14, 024018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf2dc

Herger, N., Abramowitz, G., Sherwood, S., Knutti, R., Angélil, O., Sisson, S.A., 2019. Ensemble optimisation, multiple constraints and overconfidence: a case study with future Australian precipitation change. Climate Dynamics 53, 1581–1596. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04690-8

Hinkel, J., Church, J.A., Gregory, J.M., Lambert, E., Le Cozannet, G., Lowe, J., McInnes, K.L., Nicholls, R.J., Pol, T.D., Wal, R., 2019. Meeting User Needs for Sea Level Rise Information: A Decision Analysis Perspective. Earth’s Future 7, 320–337. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EF001071

Hobeichi, S., Abramowitz, G., Evans, J., Beck, H.E., 2019. Linear Optimal Runoff Aggregate (LORA): a global gridded synthesis runoff product. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, 851–870. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-851-2019

Holbrook, N.J., Scannell, H.A., Sen Gupta, A., Benthuysen, J.A., Feng, M., Oliver, E.C.J., Alexander, L.V., Burrows, M.T., Donat, M.G., Hobday, A.J., Moore, P.J., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S.E., Smale, D.A., Straub, S.C., Wernberg, T., 2019. A global assessment of marine heatwaves and their drivers. Nature Communications 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10206-z

Holgate, C.M., Van Dijk, A.I.J.M., Evans, J.P., Pitman, A.J., 2019. The Importance of the One‐Dimensional Assumption in Soil Moisture ‐ Rainfall Depth Correlation at Varying Spatial Scales. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 124, 2964–2975. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD029762

Holmes, R. M., de Lavergne, C., McDougall, T.J., 2019. Tracer Transport within Abyssal Mixing Layers. Journal of Physical Oceanography 49, 2669–2695. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-19-0006.1

Holmes, Ryan M., McGregor, S., Santoso, A., England, M.H., 2019a. Contribution of tropical instability waves to ENSO irregularity. Climate Dynamics 52, 1837–1855. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4217-0

Holmes, Ryan M., Zika, J.D., England, M.H., 2019b. Diathermal Heat Transport in a Global Ocean Model. Journal of Physical Oceanography 49, 141–161. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-18-0098.1

Holmes, Ryan M., Zika, J.D., England, M.H., 2019c. Reply to “Comments on ‘Diathermal Heat Transport in a Global Ocean Model.’” Journal of Physical Oceanography 49, 2195–2197. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-19-0139.1

Holmes, Ryan M., Zika, J.D., Ferrari, R., Thompson, A.F., Newsom, E.R., England, M.H., 2019d. Atlantic Ocean Heat Transport Enabled by Indo‐Pacific Heat Uptake and Mixing. Geophysical Research Letters. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL085160

Imran, H.M., Kala, J., Ng, A.W.M., Muthukumaran, S., 2019. Impacts of future urban expansion on urban heat island effects during heatwave events in the city of Melbourne in southeast Australia. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 145, 2586–2602. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3580

Irving, D., 2019. Python for Atmosphere and Ocean Scientists. Journal of Open Source Education 2, 37. https://doi.org/10.21105/jose.00037

Irving, D.B., Wijffels, S., Church, J.A., 2019. Anthropogenic Aerosols, Greenhouse Gases, and the Uptake, Transport, and Storage of Excess Heat in the Climate System. Geophysical Research Letters 46, 4894–4903. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082015

Jiang, M., Zaehle, S., De Kauwe, M.G., Walker, A.P., Caldararu, S., Ellsworth, D.S., Medlyn, B.E., 2019. The quasi-equilibrium framework revisited: analyzing long-term CO 2 enrichment responses in plant–soil models. Geoscientific Model Development 12, 2069–2089. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2069-2019

Kajtar, J.B., Collins, M., Frankcombe, L.M., England, M.H., Osborn, T.J., Juniper, M., 2019. Global Mean Surface Temperature Response to Large‐Scale Patterns of Variability in Observations and CMIP5. Geophysical Research Letters 46, 2232–2241. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL081462

Knauer, J., Zaehle, S., De Kauwe, M.G., Bahar, N.H.A., Evans, J.R., Medlyn, B.E., Reichstein, M., Werner, C., 2019. Effects of mesophyll conductance on vegetation responses to elevated CO 2 concentrations in a land surface model. Global Change Biology 25, 1820–1838. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14604

Kvale, K.F., Turner, K.E., Landolfi, A., Meissner, K.J., 2019. Phytoplankton calcifiers control nitrate cycling and the pace of transition in warming icehouse and cooling greenhouse climates. Biogeosciences 16, 1019–1034. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1019-2019

Lago, V., England, M.H., 2019. Projected Slowdown of Antarctic Bottom Water Formation in Response to Amplified Meltwater Contributions. Journal of Climate 32, 6319–6335. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0622.1

Lavergne, A., Graven, H., De Kauwe, M.G., Keenan, T.F., Medlyn, B.E., Prentice, I.C., 2019. Observed and modelled historical trends in the water‐use efficiency of plants and ecosystems. Global Change Biology. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14634

Lewis, E., Fowler, H., Alexander, L., Dunn, R., McClean, F., Barbero, R., Guerreiro, S., Li, X.-F., Blenkinsop, S., 2019. GSDR: A Global Sub-Daily Rainfall Dataset. Journal of Climate 32, 4715–4729. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0143.1

Lewis, S.C., Perkins‐Kirkpatrick, S.E., Althor, G., King, A.D., Kemp, L., 2019. Assessing Contributions of Major Emitters’ Paris‐Era Decisions to Future Temperature Extremes. Geophysical Research Letters 46, 3936–3943. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL081608

Li, L., Yao, N., Li, Y., Liu, D.L., Wang, B., Ayantobo, O.O., 2019. Future projections of extreme temperature events in different sub-regions of China. Atmospheric Research 217, 150–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.10.019

Li, Q., Lee, S., England, M.H., McClean, J.L., 2019. Seasonal-to-Interannual Response of Southern Ocean Mixed Layer Depth to the Southern Annular Mode from a Global 1/10° Ocean Model. Journal of Climate 32, 6177–6195. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0159.1

Liu, D. L., Wang, B., Evans, J., Ji, F., Waters, C., Macadam, I., ... & Beyer, K., 2019. Propagation of climate model biases to biophysical modelling can complicate assessments of climate change impact in agricultural systems. International Journal of Climatology, 39(1), 424-444. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5820

Liu, Y., Donat, M.G., Rust, H.W., Alexander, L.V., England, M.H., 2019a. Decadal predictability of temperature and precipitation means and extremes in a perfect-model experiment. Climate Dynamics 53, 3711–3729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04734-z

Liu, Y., Donat, M.G., Taschetto, A.S., Doblas‐Reyes, F.J., Alexander, L.V., England, M.H., 2019b. A Framework to Determine the Limits of Achievable Skill for Interannual to Decadal Climate Predictions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 124, 2882–2896. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD029541

Lowry, D.P., Golledge, N.R., Menviel, L., Bertler, N.A.N., 2019. Deglacial evolution of regional Antarctic climate and Southern Ocean conditions in transient climate simulations. Climate of the Past 15, 189–215. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-189-2019

Luo, Z., Eady, S., Sharma, B., Grant, T., Liu, D.L., Cowie, A., Farquharson, R., Simmons, A., Crawford, D., Searle, R., Moore, A., 2019. Mapping future soil carbon change and its uncertainty in croplands using simple surrogates of a complex farming system model. Geoderma 337, 311–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.09.041

Maher, P., Gerber, E.P., Medeiros, B., Merlis, T.M., Sherwood, S., Sheshadri, A., Sobel, A.H., Vallis, G.K., Voigt, A., Zurita‐Gotor, P., 2019. Model Hierarchies for Understanding Atmospheric Circulation. Reviews of Geophysics 57, 250–280. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RG000607

Makarim, S., Sprintall, J., Liu, Z., Yu, W., Santoso, A., Yan, X.-H., Susanto, R.D., 2019. Previously unidentified Indonesian Throughflow pathways and freshening in the Indian Ocean during recent decades. Scientific Reports 9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43841-z

Mapes, B., Chandra, A.S., Kuang, Z., Song, S., Zuidema, P., 2019. Estimating Convection’s Moisture Sensitivity: An Observation–Model Synthesis Using AMIE-DYNAMO Field Data. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, 1505–1520. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-18-0127.1

McGree, S., Herold, N., Alexander, L., Schreider, S., Kuleshov, Y., Ene, E., Finaulahi, S., Inape, K., Mackenzie, B., Malala, H., Ngari, A., Prakash, B., Tahani, L., 2019. Recent Changes in Mean and Extreme Temperature and Precipitation in the Western Pacific Islands. Journal of Climate 32, 4919–4941. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0748.1

McNeil, B.I., Matsumoto, K., 2019. The changing ocean and freshwater CO2 system, in: Fish Physiology. Elsevier, pp. 1–32.

Meijers, A.J.S., Cerovečki, I., King, B.A., Tamsitt, V., 2019. A See‐Saw in Pacific Subantarctic Mode Water Formation Driven by Atmospheric Modes. Geophysical Research Letters. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL085280

Menviel, L., 2019. The southern amplifier. Science 363, 1040–1041. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw7196

Menviel, L., Capron, E., Govin, A., Dutton, A., Tarasov, L., Abe-Ouchi, A., Drysdale, R.N., Gibbard, P.L., Gregoire, L., He, F., Ivanovic, R.F., Kageyama, M., Kawamura, K., Landais, A., Otto-Bliesner, B.L., Oyabu, I., Tzedakis, P.C., Wolff, E., Zhang, X., 2019. The penultimate deglaciation: protocol for Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) phase 4 transient numerical simulations between 140 and 127 ka, version 1.0. Geoscientific Model Development 12, 3649–3685. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3649-2019

Meyssignac, B., Boyer, T., Zhao, Z., Hakuba, M.Z., Landerer, F.W., Stammer, D., Köhl, A., Kato, S., L’Ecuyer, T., Ablain, M., Abraham, J.P., Blazquez, A., Cazenave, A., Church, J.A., Cowley, R., Cheng, L., Domingues, C.M., Giglio, D., Gouretski, V., Ishii, M., Johnson, G.C., Killick, R.E., Legler, D., Llovel, W., Lyman, J., Palmer, M.D., Piotrowicz, S., Purkey, S.G., Roemmich, D., Roca, R., Savita, A., Schuckmann, K. von, Speich, S., Stephens, G., Wang, G., Wijffels, S.E., Zilberman, N., 2019. Measuring Global Ocean Heat Content to Estimate the Earth Energy Imbalance. Frontiers in Marine Science 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00432

Missiaen, L., Waelbroeck, C., Pichat, S., Jaccard, S.L., Eynaud, F., Greenop, R., Burke, A., 2019. Improving North Atlantic Marine Core Chronologies Using 230 Th Normalization. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 34, 1057–1073. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003444

Moron, V., Barbero, R., Evans, J.P., Westra, S., Fowler, H.J., 2019. Weather Types and Hourly to Multiday Rainfall Characteristics in Tropical Australia. Journal of Climate 32, 3983–4011. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0384.1

Nevill, P.G., Robinson, T.P., Di Virgilio, G., Wardell‐Johnson, G., 2019. Beyond isolation by distance: What best explains functional connectivity among populations of three sympatric plant species in an ancient terrestrial island system? Diversity and Distributions 25, 1551–1563. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12959

Nishant, N., Sherwood, S.C., Geoffroy, O., 2019. Aerosol-induced modification of organised convection and top-of-atmosphere radiation. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 2. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-019-0089-1

Olson, R., An, S.-I., Fan, Y., Chang, W., Evans, J.P., Lee, J.-Y., 2019. A novel method to test non-exclusive hypotheses applied to Arctic ice projections from dependent models. Nature Communications 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10561-x

Olson, Roman, An, S.-I., Fan, Y., Evans, J.P., 2019. Accounting for skill in trend, variability, and autocorrelation facilitates better multi-model projections: Application to the AMOC and temperature time series. PLOS ONE 14, e0214535. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214535

Palmer, M.D., Durack, P.J., Chidichimo, M.P., Church, J.A., Cravatte, S., Hill, K., Johannessen, J.A., Karstensen, J., Lee, T., Legler, D., Mazloff, M., Oka, E., Purkey, S., Rabe, B., Sallée, J.-B., Sloyan, B.M., Speich, S., von Schuckmann, K., Willis, J., Wijffels, S., 2019. Adequacy of the Ocean Observation System for Quantifying Regional Heat and Freshwater Storage and Change. Frontiers in Marine Science 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00416

Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S.E., King, A.D., Cougnon, E.A., Holbrook, N.J., Grose, M.R., Oliver, E.C.J., Lewis, S.C., Pourasghar, F., 2019. The Role of Natural Variability and Anthropogenic Climate Change in the 2017/18 Tasman Sea Marine Heatwave. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, S105–S110. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0116.1

Perry, S.J., McGregor, S., Sen Gupta, A., England, M.H., Maher, N., 2019. Projected late 21st century changes to the regional impacts of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Climate Dynamics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-05006-6

Prasad, A.A., Sherwood, S.C., Reeder, M.J., Lane, T.P., 2019. Rapidly Evolving Cirrus Clouds Modulated by Convectively Generated Gravity Waves. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD030538

Purich, A., England, M.H., 2019. Tropical Teleconnections to Antarctic Sea Ice During Austral Spring 2016 in Coupled Pacemaker Experiments. Geophysical Research Letters 46, 6848–6858. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082671

Rainsley, E., Turney, C.S.M., Golledge, N.R., Wilmshurst, J.M., McGlone, M.S., Hogg, A.G., Li, B., Thomas, Z.A., Roberts, R., Jones, R.T., Palmer, J.G., Flett, V., de Wet, G., Hutchinson, D.K., Lipson, M.J., Fenwick, P., Hines, B.R., Binetti, U., Fogwill, C.J., 2019. Pleistocene glacial history of the New Zealand subantarctic islands. Climate of the Past 15, 423–448. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-423-2019

Roca, R., Alexander, L.V., Potter, G., Bador, M., Jucá, R., Contractor, S., Bosilovich, M.G., Cloché, S., 2019. FROGS: a daily 1° × 1° gridded precipitation database of rain gauge, satellite and reanalysis products. Earth System Science Data 11, 1017–1035. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1017-2019

Rodrigues, R.R., Taschetto, A.S., Sen Gupta, A., Foltz, G.R., 2019. Common cause for severe droughts in South America and marine heatwaves in the South Atlantic. Nature Geoscience 12, 620–626. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0393-8

Sadatzki, H., Dokken, T.M., Berben, S.M.P., Muschitiello, F., Stein, R., Fahl, K., Menviel, L., Timmermann, A., Jansen, E., 2019. Sea ice variability in the southern Norwegian Sea during glacial Dansgaard-Oeschger climate cycles. Science Advances 5, eaau6174. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau6174

Salinger, M.J., Renwick, J., Behrens, E., Mullan, A.B., Diamond, H.J., Sirguey, P., Smith, R.O., Trought, M.C.T., Alexander, L., Cullen, N.J., Fitzharris, B.B., Hepburn, C.D., Parker, A.K., Sutton, P.J., 2019. The unprecedented coupled ocean-atmosphere summer heatwave in the New Zealand region 2017/18: drivers, mechanisms and impacts. Environmental Research Letters 14, 044023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab012a

Santoso, A., Hendon, H., Watkins, A., Power, S., Dommenget, D., England, M.H., Frankcombe, L., Holbrook, N.J., Holmes, R., Hope, P., Lim, E.-P., Luo, J.-J., McGregor, S., Neske, S., Nguyen, H., Pepler, A., Rashid, H., Gupta, A.S., Taschetto, A.S., Wang, G., Abellán, E., Sullivan, A., Huguenin, M.F., Gamble, F., Delage, F., 2019. Dynamics and Predictability of El Niño–Southern Oscillation: An Australian Perspective on Progress and Challenges. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, 403–420. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0057.1

Smale, D.A., Wernberg, T., Oliver, E.C.J., Thomsen, M., Harvey, B.P., Straub, S.C., Burrows, M.T., Alexander, L.V., Benthuysen, J.A., Donat, M.G., Feng, M., Hobday, A.J., Holbrook, N.J., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S.E., Scannell, H.A., Sen Gupta, A., Payne, B.L., Moore, P.J., 2019. Marine heatwaves threaten global biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services. Nature Climate Change 9, 306–312. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0412-1

Smith, N., Kessler, W.S., Cravatte, S., Sprintall, J., Wijffels, S., Cronin, M.F., Sutton, A., Serra, Y.L., Dewitte, B., Strutton, P.G., Hill, K., Sen Gupta, A., Lin, X., Takahashi, K., Chen, D., Brunner, S., 2019. Tropical Pacific Observing System. Frontiers in Marine Science 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00031

Stammer, D., Wal, R.S.W., Nicholls, R.J., Church, J.A., Le Cozannet, G., Lowe, J.A., Horton, B.P., White, K., Behar, D., Hinkel, J., 2019. Framework for High‐End Estimates of Sea Level Rise for Stakeholder Applications. Earth’s Future 7, 923–938. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001163

Stellema, A., Sen Gupta, A., Taschetto, A.S., 2019. Projected slow down of South Indian Ocean circulation. Scientific Reports 9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54092-3

Stone, D.A., Christidis, N., Folland, C., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S., Perlwitz, J., Shiogama, H., Wehner, M.F., Wolski, P., Cholia, S., Krishnan, H., Murray, D., Angélil, O., Beyerle, U., Ciavarella, A., Dittus, A., Quan, X.-W., Tadross, M., 2019. Experiment design of the International CLIVAR C20C+ Detection and Attribution project. Weather and Climate Extremes 24, 100206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2019.100206

Swart, S., Gille, S.T., Delille, B., Josey, S., Mazloff, M., Newman, L., Thompson, A.F., Thomson, J., Ward, B., du Plessis, M.D., Kent, E.C., Girton, J., Gregor, L., Heil, P., Hyder, P., Pezzi, L.P., de Souza, R.B., Tamsitt, V., Weller, R.A., Zappa, C.J., 2019. Constraining Southern Ocean Air-Sea-Ice Fluxes Through Enhanced Observations. Frontiers in Marine Science 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421

Tamsitt, V., Talley, L.D., Mazloff, M.R., 2019. A Deep Eastern Boundary Current Carrying Indian Deep Water South of Australia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 124, 2218–2238. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014569

Thomas, C.M., Sharples, J.J., Evans, J.P., 2019. The terminal-velocity assumption in simulations of long-range ember transport. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2019.08.008

Thomas, Z.A., Turney, C.S.M., Hogg, A., Williams, A.N., Fogwill, C.J., 2019. Investigating Subantarctic 14 C Ages of Different Peat Components: Site and Sample Selection for Developing Robust Age Models in Dynamic Landscapes. Radiocarbon 61, 1009–1027. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2019.54

Todd, R.E., Chavez, F.P., Clayton, S., Cravatte, S., Goes, M., Graco, M., Lin, X., Sprintall, J., Zilberman, N.V., Archer, M., Arístegui, J., Balmaseda, M., Bane, J.M., Baringer, M.O., Barth, J.A., Beal, L.M., Brandt, P., Calil, P.H.R., Campos, E., Centurioni, L.R., Chidichimo, M.P., Cirano, M., Cronin, M.F., Curchitser, E.N., Davis, R.E., Dengler, M., deYoung, B., Dong, S., Escribano, R., Fassbender, A.J., Fawcett, S.E., Feng, M., Goni, G.J., Gray, A.R., Gutiérrez, D., Hebert, D., Hummels, R., Ito, S., Krug, M., Lacan, F., Laurindo, L., Lazar, A., Lee, C.M., Lengaigne, M., Levine, N.M., Middleton, J., Montes, I., Muglia, M., Nagai, T., Palevsky, H.I., Palter, J.B., Phillips, H.E., Piola, A., Plueddemann, A.J., Qiu, B., Rodrigues, R.R., Roughan, M., Rudnick, D.L., Rykaczewski, R.R., Saraceno, M., Seim, H., Gupta, A.S., Shannon, L., Sloyan, B.M., Sutton, A.J., Thompson, L., Plas, A.K. van der, Volkov, D., Wilkin, J., Zhang, D., Zhang, L., 2019. Global Perspectives on Observing Ocean Boundary Current Systems. Frontiers in Marine Science 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00423

Ukkola, A.M., Roderick, M.L., Barker, A., Pitman, A.J., 2019. Exploring the stationarity of Australian temperature, precipitation and pan evaporation records over the last century. Environmental Research Letters 14, 124035. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab545c

van der Horst, S.V.J., Pitman, A.J., De Kauwe, M.G., Ukkola, A., Abramowitz, G., Isaac, P., 2019. How representative are FLUXNET measurements of surface fluxes during temperature extremes? Biogeosciences 16, 1829–1844. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1829-2019

Villafuerte, M.Q., Macadam, I., Daron, J., Katzfey, J., Cinco, T.A., Ares, E.D., Jones, R.G., 2019. Projected changes in rainfall and temperature over the Philippines from multiple dynamical downscaling models. International Journal of Climatology. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6301

Vogel, E., Donat, M.G., Alexander, L.V., Meinshausen, M., Ray, D.K., Karoly, D., Meinshausen, N., Frieler, K., 2019. The effects of climate extremes on global agricultural yields. Environmental Research Letters 14, 054010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab154b

Wang, B., Feng, P., Chen, C., Liu, D.L., Waters, C., Yu, Q., 2019a. Designing wheat ideotypes to cope with future changing climate in South-Eastern Australia. Agricultural Systems 170, 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2018.12.005

Wang, B., Liu, D.L., Evans, J.P., Ji, F., Waters, C., Macadam, I., Feng, P., Beyer, K., 2019b. Modelling and evaluating the impacts of climate change on three major crops in south-eastern Australia using regional climate model simulations. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 138, 509–526. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-019-02843-7

Waugh, D.W., McC. Hogg, A., Spence, P., England, M.H., Haine, T.W.N., 2019. Response of Southern Ocean Ventilation to Changes in Midlatitude Westerly Winds. Journal of Climate 32, 5345–5361. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0039.1

Webb, D.J., Holmes, R.M., Spence, P., England, M.H., 2019. Barotropic Kelvin Wave‐Induced Bottom Boundary Layer Warming Along the West Antarctic Peninsula. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 124, 1595–1615. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014227

Wei, F., Wang, S., Fu, B., Wang, L., Liu, Y.Y., Li, Y., 2019. African dryland ecosystem changes controlled by soil water. Land Degradation & Development 30, 1564–1573. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3342

White, I., Garfinkel, C.I., Gerber, E.P., Jucker, M., Aquila, V., Oman, L.D., 2019. The Downward Influence of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings: Association with Tropospheric Precursors. Journal of Climate 32, 85–108. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0053.1

Wu, Q., Zhang, X., Church, J.A., Hu, J., 2019. ENSO-Related Global Ocean Heat Content Variations. Journal of Climate 32, 45–68. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0861.1

Yeung, N.K.H., Menviel, L., Meissner, K.J., Sikes, E., 2019. Assessing the Spatial Origin of Meltwater Pulse 1A Using Oxygen‐Isotope Fingerprinting. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003599

Yu, J., Menviel, L., Jin, Z.D., Thornalley, D.J.R., Foster, G.L., Rohling, E.J., McCave, I.N., McManus, J.F., Dai, Y., Ren, H., He, F., Zhang, F., Chen, P.J., Roberts, A.P., 2019. More efficient North Atlantic carbon pump during the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature Communications 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10028-z

Zeller, M., McGregor, S., Spence, P., 2019. Hemispheric Asymmetry of the Pacific Shallow Meridional Overturning Circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 124, 5765–5786. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014840

Zhang, H., Zhou, G., Liu, D.L., Wang, B., Xiao, D., He, L., 2019. Climate-associated rice yield change in the Northeast China Plain: A simulation analysis based on CMIP5 multi-model ensemble projection. Science of The Total Environment 666, 126–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.415